Bibliography

All external references cited on wiki pages, alphabetically, with the pages that cite them. Forum posts are listed in each page's "Forum posts" section and in Contributors.

• "Optimal Shielding Thickness for Galactic Cosmic Ray Environments" (ResearchGate 311914600). — cited in: Radiation shielding: passive and active
• "Tether-Based Variable Gravity Research Facility" (cited by muomega0). — cited in: Gemini 11 tether experiment (1966)
• JBIS 72(9) 2019; 73(6) and 73(10) 2020. — cited in: BIS SPACE project: Avalon, Armstrong factory, Island Zero
• AGNEP, selenianboondocks.com/2010/06/agnep1/. — cited in: Tethered bolas and counterweight stations
• Alexander, C. A Pattern Language (pattern 098 cited). — cited in: Module sizing, floors and interior layout
• Aliyu & Ramli (2015) Radiation Measurements 73; Eslami & Mortazavi (2019) JBPE 9(4): Ramsar studies. — cited in: Radiation environment and dose limits
• Ars Technica (2023): "How scientists are mitigating space travel's risks to the human body". — cited in: Zero-g health effects (the problem AG solves)
• Ars Technica (2025): "A small microbial ecosystem has formed on the International Space Station". — cited in: Zero-g health effects (the problem AG solves)
• Artificial gravity partially protects space-induced neurological deficits in Drosophila melanogaster. Cell Reports, 2022. — cited in: Why artificial gravity
• Ashworth, S. (2020). JBIS 73(10). — cited in: Radiation shielding: passive and active
• Ashworth, S. (2020). Gas-giant cycler with double torus in sphere. JBIS 73(10). — cited in: Cylinders, drums and spheres
• ASU AOSAT-1 CubeSat centrifuge laboratory savuporo, 2015-09-30. — cited in: Research and testbeds
• avalonspace1.wordpress.com — cited in: BIS SPACE project: Avalon, Armstrong factory, Island Zero
• Bailey (2012). NASA 1-year deep-space transit architecture. — cited in: Radiation shielding: passive and active
• Barilaro, L., Wylie, M. & Olivieri, L. (2023). Cold welding adhesion for spacecraft repair. Acta Astronautica. — cited in: Materials
• Benton & Benton (2001); Englert (2014); Kessler (1989). — cited in: Debris, MMOD and collision risk
• Benton & Benton (2001); Englert (2014); Kessler (1989): altitude effects on MMOD and dose. — cited in: Radiation environment and dose limits
• BIS, JBIS 73(6), June 2020 (Avalon life support). — cited in: Life support (ECLSS), water and atmosphere
• Brown, C. D. (2002). Elements of Spacecraft Design. AIAA Education Series. — cited in: Rotational stability: intermediate-axis and long-axis instability
• Carroll, J. (2010). Design Concepts for a Manned Artificial Gravity Research Facility. SSI Space Manufacturing 14 proceedings. — cited in: Tethered bolas and counterweight stations
• Coriolis force simulator: ephu.itch.io/coriolis-force-simulator — cited in: Virtual reality and visualization
• Dartmouth, "Toroidal superconducting magnetic shielding" (JSR09.pdf); NTRS 19890006394. — cited in: Radiation shielding: passive and active
• Desiati & D'Onghia (2022). CREW HaT, arXiv 2209.13624. — cited in: Radiation shielding: passive and active
• DLR Eu:CROPIS mission pages; Heidecker, A. et al. (2014). Attitude control system of the Eu:CROPIS mission, 65th IAC. — cited in: Research and testbeds
• DLR Eu:CROPIS mission. — cited in: Agriculture and food
• Dooling, D. (1999). Material selection guidelines to limit atomic oxygen effects on spacecraft surfaces. NASA MSFC. — cited in: Materials
• E. H. Davis, Common Berthing Mechanism core design description, ehdavis.engineering. — cited in: Seals, rotary joints and module joints
• engineeringtoolbox.com, thin-walled pressure vessel equations. — cited in: Pressure vessels and hoop stress
• Engle, J. et al. (2017). AIAA-2017-5139, spacearchitect.org/pubs/AIAA-2017-5139.pdf. — cited in: Comfort limits: rpm, radius and Coriolis
• ESA MELiSSA programme. — cited in: Life support (ECLSS), water and atmosphere
• ESA MELiSSA. — cited in: Agriculture and food
• Frontiers (2019), structural analysis of a 0.38 g cavern in a spinning asteroid. — cited in: Off-Earth materials and ISRU
• Frontiers (2020) review of cancer cells in microgravity; PMC5865062 (bacterial virulence); PMC7555236 (chemotherapy on leukaemia lines), cited by Lampyridae. — cited in: Zero-g health effects (the problem AG solves)
• Garrett et al. (1991), NASA. — cited in: NASA 1988–1991 rotating advanced-technology space station studies
• Gizmodo (2026): "Mars doesn't have enough gravity to keep humans healthy, study suggests"; ScienceAlert coverage of the same study. — cited in: Partial-gravity unknowns: how much g is enough?
• Globus, A. "Space Settlement: An Easier Way" (space.alglobus.net/papers/Easy.pdf). — cited in: Kalpana One, Kalpana 2 and Al Globus's "Easier Way"
• Globus, A. & Strout, J. (2015). Orbital space settlement radiation shielding. NSS. — cited in: Radiation environment and dose limits
• Globus, A. (2017). Space settlement: an easier way, The Space Review, article 3181. — cited in: Cylinders, drums and spheres
• Globus, A. et al. "Space Settlement: An Easier Way" (space.alglobus.net/papers/Easy.pdf); Marotta & Globus (2018) The High Frontier: An Easier Way. — cited in: Radiation environment and dose limits
• Globus, A. et al. (2007). Kalpana One (space.nss.org/media/Kalpana-One-2007.pdf). — cited in: Kalpana One, Kalpana 2 and Al Globus's "Easier Way"
• Globus, A. et al. (2007). The Kalpana One Orbital Space Settlement Revised. AIAA (space.nss.org/kalpana-one-space-settlement/). — cited in: Cylinders, drums and spheres
• Globus, A. et al., dose vs altitude and inclination tables; "Space Settlement: An Easier Way". — cited in: Location and orbits
• Globus, A., Arora, N., Bajoria, A. & Strout, J. (2007). The Kalpana One Orbital Space Settlement Revised. AIAA. — cited in: Rotational stability: intermediate-axis and long-axis instability
• gravity-space-technologies.com — cited in: Peter_GST: Gravity Space Technologies (GST) station (2025)
• Habitant's O'Neill cylinder walk-through: pace.ping.de/oneill/ — cited in: Virtual reality and visualization
• Hall, T. W. "Artificial Gravity and the Architecture of Orbital Habitats" (spacefuture.com). — cited in: Ground rotating-room and centrifuge studies
• Hall, T. W. Artificial Gravity and the Architecture of Orbital Habitats (spacefuture.com), including the comfort chart and the table of historical rpm limits. — cited in: Comfort limits: rpm, radius and Coriolis
• Hayashi, T. et al. (2023). Lunar gravity prevents skeletal muscle atrophy but not myofiber type shift in mice. Communications Biology 6:424. — cited in: Partial-gravity unknowns: how much g is enough?
• Hempsell, M. "Feeding a Space Population". JBIS 70, pp. 3–11. — cited in: Agriculture and food
• Hendricks (1971), Martin Marietta, AG station control systems LMT, 2023-11-01. — cited in: Mass balance, "wobble" and vibration
• highfrontierblog.com (2014): "Rotational dynamics"; "Inverted endcaps are better"; "Energy loss makes colonies tumble". — cited in: Rotational stability: intermediate-axis and long-axis instability
• Holderman, M. (2011). NAUTILUS-X, NASA FISO presentation. — cited in: NASA NAUTILUS-X (2011)
• i4is Principium 33, "Self-Replicating Factory". — cited in: In-space assembly, robotics and teleoperation
• Ikeya et al. (2023). J. Spacecraft & Rockets, learning reference governor for rendezvous. — cited in: Docking to rotating stations
• International Building Code (IBC), chapter 10 (Means of egress). — cited in: Fire safety and compartmentation
• Janhunen (2020). Shielded dumbbell L5 settlement, arXiv 2004.02241. — cited in: Radiation shielding: passive and active
• Janhunen, P. (2020). Shielded dumbbell L5 settlement. arXiv:2004.02241. — cited in: Dumbbells, barbells, batons and sticks
• JAXA partial-gravity mouse study, Science Advances (2026), doi:10.1126/sciadv.aed2258. — cited in: Partial-gravity unknowns: how much g is enough?
• JAXA partial-gravity mouse study, Science Advances, 2026, doi:10.1126/sciadv.aed2258. — cited in: Why artificial gravity
• JAXA partial-gravity mouse study, Science Advances, doi:10.1126/sciadv.aed2258. — cited in: Funding, programs and policy
• Jensen, D. W. (2024). Space Station Rotational Stability. arXiv:2408.00155; Jensen, "Design Limits on Large Space Stations", arXiv:2302.12353. — cited in: Rotational stability: intermediate-axis and long-axis instability
• Joe Carroll, "Design Concepts for a Manned Artificial Gravity Research Facility" (SSI 2010) kdhilliard, 2015-02-24. — cited in: Research and testbeds
• Johnson, L. & Herrmann, M. (1998). International Space Station electrodynamic tether reboost study. NASA. — cited in: Spin-up, propulsion and reboost
• Kim, Bates & Postlethwaite (2009), magnetorquer attitude control. — cited in: Spin-up, propulsion and reboost
• Kirk Sorensen, JANNAF 2005 AG paper (artificial-gravity.com/JANNAF-2005-Sorensen.pdf). — cited in: Research and testbeds
• Lackner, J. R. & DiZio, P. (2003 and later). Adaptation to rotating artificial gravity environments. J. Vestibular Research. — cited in: Comfort limits: rpm, radius and Coriolis
• Lackner, J. R. & DiZio, P., rotating-room adaptation studies (Brandeis). — cited in: Ground rotating-room and centrifuge studies
• M. Howe, Caltech KISS 3D workshop presentation (station classification), kiss.caltech.edu/workshops/3d/presentations/Howe.pdf. — cited in: Definitions: "realistic", "near-term", station vs ship, generations
• Marotta, T. & Globus, A. (2018). The High Frontier: An Easier Way. — cited in: Cylinders, drums and spheres; Habitant: small O'Neill cylinders and VR walk-through (2025–2026)
• marspedia.org Life_support and Sabatier pages. — cited in: Life support (ECLSS), water and atmosphere
• marspedia.org/Lighting. — cited in: Lighting, windows and views
• McKay, D. et al. (1992). Space Resources, NASA SP-509. — cited in: Off-Earth materials and ISRU
• Merstallinger, A. et al. (2009). Assessment of cold welding between separable contact surfaces. ESA STM-279. — cited in: Materials
• Minovitch, M. (1991). JBIS, December 1991. — cited in: Minovitch 1991 (JBIS): automatically built 2001-type stations
• Naden, N. & Prater, T. J. (2020). A review of welding in space and related technologies. — cited in: Materials
• NASA CCSC-2 announcement (June 2023): Blue Origin, Northrop Grumman, Sierra Space, SpaceX, Special Aerospace Services, ThinkOrbital, Vast. — cited in: Starship-based stations
• NASA CCSC-2 announcements (June 2023). — cited in: Funding, programs and policy
• NASA DPT/NExT (2002) "Artificial Gravity Status and Options" RonM, 2015-02-28. — cited in: Research and testbeds
• NASA Human Research Program risk overview (Bill Paloski talk, 2018), as summarized in the thread. — cited in: Why artificial gravity
• NASA ISS elements document 167120main_Elements.pdf (ISPR packaging). — cited in: Module sizing, floors and interior layout
• NASA OLTARIS radiation transport tool. — cited in: Radiation environment and dose limits
• NASA SP-413 (1977), Space Settlements: A Design Study (1975 Summer Study). — cited in: O'Neill cylinders, Stanford torus and Island One
• NASA SP-4308, Spaceflight Revolution, ch. 9 (history.nasa.gov/SP-4308/ch9.htm). — cited in: NASA Langley self-deploying stations (1960s)
• NASA-led international roadmap for AG research, npj Microgravity (2017), s41526-017-0034-8. — cited in: Research and testbeds
• newpapyrusmagazine.blogspot.com/2014/05/sls-fuel-tank-derived-artificial.html — cited in: hydra9 (Marcel): SLS-tank artificial-gravity habitat (2014)
• Nexus Aurora, Universal Berthing Mechanism Standard (IAC-21 D3 IP 4 x64597), nexusaurora.org/projects/ubm/. — cited in: Seals, rotary joints and module joints
• nexusaurora.org/projects/ubm/ ; nexusaurora.org/projects/ocs/ ; nexusaurora.org/projects/orbital-can-system/ — cited in: Nexus Aurora: Universal Berthing Mechanism, OCS, Orbital Can
• NFPA combined sprinkler/storage provisions. — cited in: Fire safety and compartmentation
• npj Microgravity (2017), international AG research roadmap (s41526-017-0034-8). — cited in: Funding, programs and policy
• NTRS 20080003821 (docking seals); NTRS 19940029729, 19920014958, 19940028788 (ISS roll rings). — cited in: Seals, rotary joints and module joints
• NTRS 20110008387 (NDS power/data connectors). — cited in: Docking to rotating stations
• NTRS 20170001289 (ALON). — cited in: Lighting, windows and views
• NTRS 20190031913 (rollable boom configurations). — cited in: Cables vs trusses vs tensegrity: the load path
• O'Neill, G. K. (1974). The colonization of space. Physics Today. — cited in: O'Neill cylinders, Stanford torus and Island One
• Oestreich, C. (2021). Robust control for docking with tumbling objects of unknown inertia. MIT thesis. — cited in: Docking to rotating stations
• pace.ping.de/oneill/ (VR model). — cited in: Habitant: small O'Neill cylinders and VR walk-through (2025–2026)
• physics.stackexchange: force to change a flywheel's axis lamontagne, 2023-09-21. — cited in: Orientation: sun-pointing vs edge-on
• Powell, J. et al. (2006). Magnetically inflated cable (MIC) structures. NIAC. — cited in: Tethered bolas and counterweight stations
• Queijo et al. (1988) and Garrett et al. (1991), NASA studies with water trim and counter-rotating inertial balance tanks (NTRS 19880010196, 19910010864). — cited in: Mass balance, "wobble" and vibration
• Queijo, M. J. et al. (1988). NASA CR-178345. — cited in: NASA 1988–1991 rotating advanced-technology space station studies
• Reschke, M. & Paloski, W. (2017). Bed rest + intermittent centrifugation study. — cited in: Partial-gravity unknowns: how much g is enough?
• Roark's Formulas for Stress and Strain (torus section). — cited in: Pressure vessels and hoop stress
• rotatingspacestation.com (Roy_H's proposal). — cited in: Roy_H: bicycle-wheel station (2018–2025)
• Schaezler, R. et al. (2011). Trending of overboard leakage of ISS cabin atmosphere. ICES 2011-5149. — cited in: Seals, rotary joints and module joints
• Seedhouse (2018), radiation effects chart. — cited in: Radiation environment and dose limits
• Shelhamer interview, space.com/25392. — cited in: Why artificial gravity
• Shiba, D. et al. (2017). Scientific Reports 7:10837 (JAXA MARS). — cited in: Research and testbeds
• Shiba, D. et al. (2017). Development of new experimental platform "MARS" (Multiple Artificial-gravity Research System). Scientific Reports 7:10837. — cited in: Partial-gravity unknowns: how much g is enough?
• Silvestrini, S. & Lavagna, M. (2022). Drones 6(10), neural GNC. — cited in: Docking to rotating stations
• Slough (2022). Spacecraft-scale magnetospheric protection from GCR. IEEE Aerospace. — cited in: Radiation shielding: passive and active
• Smarter Every Day, cat-righting reflex video. — cited in: Angular momentum, flywheels and counter-rotation
• Soilleux, R. (2019). JBIS 72(7), lunar glass pressure hulls. — cited in: Materials
• Soilleux, R. (2019). JBIS 72(7). — cited in: Off-Earth materials and ISRU
• SpaceX Starship Users Guide. — cited in: Launch vehicles and their influence on design
• SpaceX, Starship Users Guide v1 (2020). — cited in: Starship-based stations
• SpinCalc (Ted Hall), artificial-gravity.com/sw/SpinCalc/. — cited in: Spin-gravity formulas and reference numbers
• SpinCalc, artificial-gravity.com/sw/SpinCalc/. — cited in: Comfort limits: rpm, radius and Coriolis
• Tethers Unlimited SpiderFab; Made In Space Archinaut; Cordero (MIT) NIAC 2023 "Bend-Forming of Large Electrostatically Actuated Space Structures". — cited in: Cables vs trusses vs tensegrity: the load path
• Tethers Unlimited SpiderFab; Made In Space Archinaut; ThinkOrbital. — cited in: In-space assembly, robotics and teleoperation
• Tethers Unlimited, Hoytether. — cited in: Tethered bolas and counterweight stations
• University of Kentucky thesis on short-radius centrifuge blood pooling (uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/14/) docmordrid, 2015-03-31. — cited in: Comfort limits: rpm, radius and Coriolis
• University of Maryland ENAE484 X-Hab "Minimum Crew Cabin Studies" (2020), ssl.umd.edu/node/119. — cited in: Virtual reality and visualization
• University of Maryland ENAE484 X-Hab "Minimum Crew Cabin Studies" final report (2020), ssl.umd.edu/node/119. — cited in: Cylinders, drums and spheres
• vastspace.com/roadmap — cited in: Vast: spinning stick, wheel roadmap and Haven-1/2
• Walter Lewin, MIT 8.01 Lecture 24 "Rolling Motion, Gyroscopes" (1999), used to settle the precession debate. — cited in: Angular momentum, flywheels and counter-rotation
• Walter Lewin, MIT 8.01 Lecture 24 (gyroscopes), youtube N92FYHHT1qM. — cited in: Orientation: sun-pointing vs edge-on
• Wikipedia "List of moments of inertia". — cited in: Spin-gravity formulas and reference numbers
• Williams, D. & Howell, E. Why Am I Taller? (2022). Popular book on spaceflight physiology. — cited in: Why artificial gravity
• Xin et al. (2024), multi-robot microgravity assembly. — cited in: In-space assembly, robotics and teleoperation